THE RHEOENCEPHALOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE INTERHEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRY OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW IN HEALTHY AND MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN.

Aim - to study functional organization of hemodynamic processes in brain basins of healthy children and children with mild mental retardation depending on the nature of asymmetry and gradient of cerebral blood filling are investigated. The research executed in the scientific laboratory of the special and inclusive education department of the Armenian State Pedagogical University after Kh. Abovyan and Armenian State Institute of Physical Culture and Sport. The study involved children aged 8 to 11 years, a total of 131. 73 of them are healthy schoolchildren and 58 children with a low degree of mental retardation. Each category of subjects was divided into 2 age groups: 8-9 years and 10-11 years. The results of the experimental study of task performance show that interesting data have been obtained which will serve as a basis for the development of necessary means, methods, and conditions for the development of elementary practical orientation in mentally retarded elementary school children. The analysis of the results of the study allows us to highlight the following important points: in the control group, 88% of the examined patients showed a hyperfrontal pattern in terms of RI (rheogramm amplitude). In seven children, the hypermastoidal pattern was observed, and in the two children of the control group, no significant differences between the RI values in the frontal and mastoidal basins were found. The study involved 131 children aged 8 to 11 years old. 73 of them were healthy with normal physical and mental development as well as 58 children with a weak degree of mental retardation. The study was undertaken to determine which sport and physical activity allowed children with mental retardation. Established that the parameter of TPWV in 8-9-year-old and 10-11-year-old schoolchildren of the control group was significantly higher than that of experimental children in the frontal, bimostoidal and hemispheric basins.

THE RHEOENCEPHALOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE INTERHEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRY OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW IN HEALTHY AND MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN.

AIM: The features of functional organization of hemodynamic processes in brain basins of healthy children and children with mild mental retardation depending on the nature of asymmetry and gradient of cerebral blood filling are investigated. The study was executed in the scientific laboratory of the special and inclusive education department of the Armenian State Pedagogical University after Kh. Abovyan and Armenian State Institute of Physical Culture and Sport. The study involved children aged 8 to 11 years, a total of 131. The 73 of them were healthy school children and 58 children with a low degree of mental retardation. Each category of subjects was divided into 2 age groups: 8-9 years and 10-11 years. According to the results of the study, in the control group, 88% of the examined patients showed a hyperfrontal pattern in terms of RI (rheogramm amplitude). In seven children, the hypermastoidal pattern was observed, and in the two children of the control group, no significant differences between the RI values in the frontal and mastoidal basins were found. The study involved 131 children aged 8 to 11 years old. 73 of them were healthy with normal physical and mental development as well as 58 children with a weak degree of mental retardation. The study was undertaken to determine which sport and physical activity allowed children with mental retardation. Established that the parameter of TPWV in 8-9-year-old and 10-11-year-old schoolchildren of the control group was significantly higher than that of experimental children in the frontal, bimastoidal and hemispheric basins. The hypermastoidal gradient pattern of IPVR was recorded in 55.2% of children in the control group, 13.8% of children have a hyperfrontal pattern, and 31% of schoolchildren lacked a reliable (p>0.05) gradient of peripheral vascular resistance between the bifrontal and bimasthoidal basins, which indicates the same level of resistance of the vascular wall in the compared pools. Note that, in 8-year-old schoolchildren, only the hypermastoidal IPVR pattern was recorded. In children 9-11 years old, either the absence of a gradient was revealed, or the gradients of both signs were established. Thus, in children of 8-9 years of age, the magnitude of the gradient is positively related to the age of children (r=0.75). Also with age, there is a decrease in resistance in the frontal and mastoidal basins, but to a greater extent in the frontal ones, which leads to a decrease in the gradient relative to 8-9 years old. A correlation between the brain IPVR in the frontal pool (r=0.54) and age was observed in children 10-11 years old. It is possible that the fall in resistance of the vascular wall of the frontal pool in this age group ensures intensive maturation of the frontal lobes.

A STUDY OF SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND CONSTRUCTIVE PRAXIS DISORDERS IN NORMALLY DEVELOPING AND MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN AGED 8-11.

Aim- to study spatial orientation and constructive praxis disorders in normally developed and mentally retarded children aged 8-11. The research was performed in the research laboratory of the Faculty of Special and Inclusive Education at the Armenian State Pedagogical University after Kh. Abovyan and Armenian state institute of physical culture and sport. A total of 131 children aged between 8 and 11 years participated in the study, including 73 healthy schoolchildren and 58 children with mild mental retardation. The results of the experimental study of task performance show that interesting data have been obtained which will serve as a basis for the development of necessary means, methods, and conditions for the development of elementary practical orientation in mentally retarded elementary school children. The analysis of the results of the study allows us to highlight the following important points: - Mentally retarded younger pupils lag behind their healthy peers in all the studied indicators. - 8-9-year-old have less developed practical spatial orientation skills than their older counterparts. The results of the conducted experimental research testify to insufficient development of elementary practical orientation and understanding of spatial relations of objects in mentally retarded elementary school children.

THE STUDY OF SPATIAL REPRESENTATIONS OF CHILDREN WITH DIFFERENT DEGREES OF INTERHEMISPHERIC INTERACTION.

The paper discusses the results of neuropsychological tasks aimed at the study of spatial representations of primary school children with different degrees of interhemispheric interaction (II). The degree of II formation was assessed using bimanual motor tests. The dependence of the state of interhemispheric interaction and spatial representations on such factors as age, sex, manual preferences are traced. The research was performed in the research laboratory of the Faculty of Special and Inclusive Education at the Armenian State Pedagogical University after Kh. Abovyan and Armenian state institute of physical culture and sport. A total of 73 children aged between 8 and 11 years participated in the study. We emphasize that we were interested in which of the various spatial components of different mental functions showed maximum dependence on the state of II in the motor sphere. To answer the set questions 73 children were examined in general education schools of Yerevan. Their ages ranged from 8 to 11 years old. 12 children from the examined group had distinct manifestations of left-handedness or ambidextrousness; the rest of the children were right-handed. To analyse the age dynamics of the state of spatial representations and the degree of formation of interhemispheric interaction, the children were divided into 2 age subgroups: 8-9 years old (31 people), 10-11 years old (42 people). Such division was connected with the fact that these age periods are all without exception extremely significant for the formation of the aspects of the organization of brain work in general. Thus, it is in 8-9 years old that the mechanisms of interhemispheric transfer are already in full force, the main motor and sensory asymmetries are stabilized, and the predominant control of the right or left hemisphere over the course of a particular mental process at the operational level is formed. The age of 10-11 years is, according to many authors, crucial for the formation of a stable individual II modus and for "microstructural changes in the ensemble organization of the frontal area". In adolescence the anterior parts of the corpus callosum (CC) actively mature, providing CC at the level of the frontal lobes, and intensive rearrangements in the work of the dominant hemisphere of the brain continue. In addition to age indicators, we also analysed differences in the degree of CC formation and in the state of spatial representations in children of different sexes, academic performance, and in children with different manual preferences. The following results were obtained. Reciprocal coordination disorders were detected in 41% of the children who performed the test. Among the detected disorders, failures in the left hand or lagging of the left hand predominated. These symptoms could vary in severity and stability: in some subjects they were observed only at the initial stages of task performance or occurred during exhaustion, while in others they were stable. Among the detected disorders, failures in the left hand or lagging of the left hand predominated. These symptoms could vary in severity and stability: in some subjects they were observed only at the initial stages of task performance or occurred during exhaustion, while in others they were stable. Failures in both hands r sequential execution of movements with the right and left hands were much less frequent. Thus, our results suggest that in left-handed schoolchildren characterized by significant difficulties in the formation of the spatial sphere and interhemispheric relations, the state of spatial praxis and projective representations is closely related to the qualitative features of CC at the level of both posterior and anterior brain regions.